In the early days of the iPhone there were no webmaster guidelines whatsoever. Nowadays, they have specific web development guidelines for you to follow. In order to access it you first have to register as an iPhone developer at http://developer.apple.com/iphone. This includes a nice little simulator of an iPhone so that you can easily see how your apps are working.

One of the most obvious differences between the iPhone and your PC/Mac is the size of the screen. The iPhone maxes at 480dpi in landscape view. If your page already works on your desktop web browser you can easily create a custom css to be called when it is being viewed on an iPhone. The markup you would use is as follows:

<!–[if !IE]>–>
<link
rel=”stylesheet”
href=”small-screen.css”
type=”text/css”
media=”only screen and (max-device-width: 480px)”
/>
<!–<![endif]–>

Another feature you should strongly consider when designing for an iPhone is the two orientation modes: portrait and landscape. By using some simple JavaScript you can teach your program to react to changes in the orientation. The property you will be accessing is window.orientation. It has these values:

~ 0—normal portrait orientation (home button is at the bottom)
~ -90—landscape after clockwise rotation from portrait (home button to the left)
~ 90—landscape after counterclockwise rotation from portrait (home button to the right)
~ 180—unsupported for now, but would be portrait-flipped so that the home button is at the top

Also, you can program your app to initiate an orientation change event when the iPhone is tilted one way or another. This is accomplished by calling the window.orientation value with JavaScript. Following is an example of a script that will send an alert anytime the orientation changes:

window.onorientationchange = function() {
alert(window.orientation);
}

If you have been surfing on an iPhone you may have noticed how the URL toolbar is visible when you first visit a webpage but disappears as you start to scroll down. This is accomplished by using the window.scrollTo property to scroll down one pixel. Here is the code:

window.addEventListener(‘load’, function(){
setTimeout(scrollTo, 0, 0, 1);
}, false);

In the case that your page is not long enough to be scrollable you will need to add an additional meta element. Use this code:

<meta name=”viewport” content=”height=device-height,width=device-width” />

One of the properties that makes the iPhone so beautiful is the rounded corners. It is easier than you might expect to give your web app the same properies. It is simple css. Use this code:

.box {
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
background: #ddd;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
}

You should be able to do whatever you want with the iPhone developers toolkit I mentioned in the first part of the article. I hope that I have illustrated just how easy it can be to make your web app work on an iPhone, though.

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